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Türkiye

In 1299, Ottoman I established the Ottoman Empire. On May 29, 1453, Muhammad II captured Constantinople and destroyed the Byzantine Empire. From the 16th to the 17th century, especially during the reign of Suleiman I, he reached his peak and ruled across Europe, Asia, and Africa. Therefore, the Sultan, the monarch of the Ottoman Empire, regarded himself as the master of the world. [1] Türkiye inherited the culture of the Eastern Roman Empire and the Islamic culture, so the eastern and western civilizations were integrated here. In the 19th century, national strength began to decline. In August 1914, the Ottoman Empire joined the Allied Powers in World War I, and after the war, the empire disintegrated. In 1919, Türkiye repelled foreign invaders under the leadership of Kemal. On October 29, 1923, the Republic of Türkiye was established.

religion：
Most residents in Türkiye believe in Islam, 85% of whom are Sunnis and the rest are Shiites; The rest of the people believe in Eastern Orthodoxy, Catholicism, Judaism, and so on.
 
literature：
In the Ottoman period, poetry was the main literary genre, mainly using Anatolian dialect or Ottoman Turkish, and the main themes were beauty and romance. Ottoman court literature was deeply influenced by Persian culture, and the literary language was a mixture of Arabic, Persian and Turkish. Different from the tedious palace literature, the folk literature created by Türkiye's wandering poets once praised nature, love and God in simple Turkish. In the 20th century, the language of Türkiye's literature tends to be simplified, and the subject matter is more political and social. The politically controversial great poet Nazim Shykmet, under the influence of Russian poet Mayakovsky, created free verse in the 1930s. Today, Yashar Kemal is recognized as a popular novelist in Türkiye for his vivid and vivid description of Türkiye's life. Türkiye's young writers tend to go beyond ordinary social issues and try to explore such issues as women's rights and the confrontation between East and West, which has always been welcomed by Türkiye's intellectuals.